Slimming at all costs: Herbalife -induced liver injury

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Slimming at all costs: Herbalife-induced liver injury.

El documento PDF lo pueden obtener de acá.

(1) Reports about adverse reactions, particular liver injury, have accumulated, so, these preparations are not always as harmless as perceived

(2) In most Western countries including the EU and the U.S., nutritional supplements and herbal CAM preparations are exempt from strict licensing regulations routinely imposed on synthetic drugs or medicinal products before releasing them onto the market


(4)  Composition of most products is insufficiently characterized, often unlabelled, highly variable and clear beneficial effects for the consumers do not exist

(5)  Companies claim that alleged health advantages would only become visible through long-term and regular use although this is not backed up by supporting clinical evidence. Therefore, the usually high costs of these products stand in utter contrast to their unproven benefits

Aspartame

Buscando en internet información sobre el aspartame, encontré muchas y variadas versiones; unas malas, otras buenas, otras ni malas ni buenas. Y dado que no es muy veráz la información decidí ir a pubmed. Un artículo que encontré ahí menciona:

Aspartame is a methyl ester of a dipeptide used as a synthetic nonnutritive sweetener in over 90 countries worldwide in over 6000 products. The purpose of this investigation was to review the scientific literature on the absorption and metabolism, the current consumption levels worldwide, the toxicology, and recent epidemiological studies on aspartame. Current use levels of aspartame, even by high users in special subgroups, remains well below the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority established acceptable daily intake levels of 50 and 40 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. Consumption of large doses of aspartame in a single bolus dose will have an effect on some biochemical parameters, including plasma amino acid levels and brain neurotransmitter levels. The rise in plasma levels of phenylalanine and aspartic acid following administration of aspartame at doses less than or equal to 50 mg/kg bw do not exceed those observed postprandially. Acute, subacute and chronic toxicity studies with aspartame, and its decomposition products, conducted in mice, rats, hamsters and dogs have consistently found no adverse effect of aspartame with doses up to at least 4000 mg/kg bw/day. Critical review of all carcinogenicity studies conducted on aspartame found no credible evidence that aspartame is carcinogenic. The data from the extensive investigations into the possibility of neurotoxic effects of aspartame, in general, do not support the hypothesis that aspartame in the human diet will affect nervous system function, learning or behavior. Epidemiological studies on aspartame include several case-control studies and one well-conducted prospective epidemiological study with a large cohort, in which the consumption of aspartame was measured. The studies provide no evidence to support an association between aspartame and cancer in any tissue. The weight of existing evidence is that aspartame is safe at current levels of consumption as a nonnutritive sweetener.

PMID: 17828671 [PubMed - in process]

Como nota adicional ya saben. Si quieren una versión ó duda médica, aquí pueden quitarse de dudas, sin mitos urbanos ó cuentos callejeros :P